What is Addison's Disease?

Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a rare and chronic endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys, do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. These two hormones are essential for a variety of bodily functions:

1. Cortisol: Often referred to as the "stress hormone," cortisol plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, the immune response, blood sugar levels, and helping the body respond to stress.

2. Aldosterone: This hormone helps control the balance of sodium, potassium, and water in the body, which in turn regulates blood pressure.

When the adrenal glands fail to produce sufficient levels of these hormones, it leads to a range of symptoms. Common signs and symptoms of Addison's disease include:

• Fatigue

• Weakness

• Weight loss

• Low blood pressure (hypotension)

• Salt cravings

• Dizziness or lightheadedness

• Hyperpigmentation (darkening of the skin)

• Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

• Irritability and depression

The condition is usually caused by damage to the adrenal glands, often due to autoimmune processes where the immune system mistakenly attacks the adrenal glands. Other causes can include infections, such as tuberculosis, or other diseases that damage the adrenal glands.

Diagnosis is typically confirmed through blood tests to measure cortisol levels, aldosterone levels, and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) levels, along with imaging studies to assess the adrenal glands. A stimulation test, like the ACTH stimulation test, may also be used.

Food for thought!

...Stay Healthy Friends! :0)

T xo